Duplicating apparatus



Nov. 5, 1940. l A. MARCHEV ET Al.

DUPLI CAT ING APPARATUS 6 Shets-Sheet 1 l Filed May 15, 1958 Nov. 5, 1940. A. lvlAcsHE-v Er A1.

DUPLICATING APPARATUS `6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 15, 1938 I( lllll IT A. MARcHEv ET Ax.

Nov. 5, 1940.

DUPLICATING APPARATUS Filed May l 5, 19,38 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 I Nov. 5, 1940. A. MARCH-Ey E1' Al.

DUPLICATING APPARATUS Filed nay 1s, 1958 6. Sheets-She'et 4 Nov.I 5, E940.

A. MARCHEVET AL DUPLICATING APPARATUS e sheets-sheet 5 Filed May 15, 1958 Nov. 5, 1940. A. MARcHEv Er AL DUPLICATING APPARATUS s sheets-sheet 6 Filed May 13, 1938 weeg;

Patented Nov. 5, 191@ unire STATES OFFICE DUPLIC'ATING APPARATUS Alfred Marchev, La Grange, and Morris P. Neal, Villa Park, Ill., assignors to Ditto, Incorporated, Chicago, Ill, a corporation of West Virginia Application May 13, 1938, Serial No. 20.7,730

16 Claims..

.. 'The invention relates to duplicating apparatus and has among its other objects the provision of a duplicating machine which will operate efficiently to produce a relatively large number of good copies for any given period of time.

One form of the invention is embodied in a duplicating machine wherein master sheets, preferably formed of aluminum foil, have the data to be duplicated, printed or written in reverse thereon so that when copy sheets are applied directly thereto, the data appears in positive upon the copy sheets. The machine includes means for re-inking the data on the master sheet after each duplicating operatiomwater or any other suitable repellent being applied also to the master sheet after each printing operation. Of course, the ink willadhere to the previously inked portions of the sheet and the water or other ink repellent will prevent the ink from adhering to the other portions of the master sheet.

The improved machine is substantially entirely automatic in its operation, it being only necessary to displace a control member manually to set the machine in operation or to stop it. When the machine is to be started, the control member is displaced manually to close the circuit of the electric motor which drives the machine, to bring the ink repellent applying means into contact with the master sheet, to bring the inking means into contact with the master sheet and to cause a paper feed means to feed the copy sheets automatically.

The machine comprises improved means for holding the master sheet snugly against the sur-A face of a duplicating drum so that the master sheet will not be injured during the duplicating operations. Y

Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the following detailed description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, partly diagrammatic, of a duplicating machine which embodiesv the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section taken through a valve device which forms part of the improved duplicating machine;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1; l.

Fig.'5 is a fragmentary enlarged section taken through a. duplicating drum which forms part of the improved machine;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section taken on line 5.-6 of Fig. 1; l

Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 9-.9 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 10 is a section taken on line Ill-'I0 of Fig. 4;?

Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 are sections taken on the same lines as Fig. 10 but showing certain parts in changed positions;

Fig. 16 is a section, partly diagrammatic, taken through copy sheet feeding mechanism which forms part of the improved machine;

Figs. 17 and 18 are sections taken on the same line as Fig. 16 but showing certain parts in changed positions; and

Fig. '19 is a perspective viewv of the improved master sheet which is preferably employed in connection with the duplicating machine shown A in Figs. .1 to 18, inclusive.

. Referring to the drawings wherein a machine embodying a preferred form of the invention is illustrated, the reference character 23. designates generally the frame' of the machine which comprises side frames 2l and 22 (Figs. 1 to 4). Disposed between the side frames 2i and 22 is a duplicating cylinder or drum 23 which is rotatably journalled on a tubular or hollow shaft 2li, the shaft 2t being rotatably journalled by ball bearings 26 mounted in the side frames 2i and 22. The ends of the tubular shaft 23 are closed by plugs 28 and 23. Adjacent the plug 29 the shaft 24 is provided with ports or apertures 39 which communicate with a chamber 32 provided in a block 33 mounted upon the shaft 2li. The shaft 2t rotates in the block 33. Communicating with the chamber 32 is a tube. 34 which opens into one end of a pipe 36, the other end of the pipe 36 being connected by a T-coupling 3l with the intake opening of a pump 38 which is driven by an electric motor 39 (Fig. 1). The purpose of this construction will presently appear.

Recesses 40 provided in the block 33 accommo.. date graphite washers or packing members@ l The duplicating drum 23 comprises` a cylindrical wall d5 formed integral with disks 31 and 48 which form the end walls of the drum. The

end 50 of which is of reduced diameter so that it cooperates with a collar 52 to form an annular groove 53. The collar 52 is rigidly secured to the hub 49'. Projecting into the groove 53 and flxedly engageable with the collar 52 is a nut 60 screwthreaded upon a bolt 6I which is rotatably journalled in a gear 62, the gear 62 being keyed to the shaft 24.

The bolt 6| is provided with a head 65 whereby it may be rotated so that the nut 6U will be urged against the collar 52er away from it, depending upon the direction in which the bolt is rotated, the nut 6l) being held against rotation around the longitudinal axis of the bolt 6| by reason of its engagement with the reduced portion 50 of the hub 49. This construction permits one to adjust the vdrum 23 angularly around its axis of rotation through an angle of 360 withrespect to the gear'62.

40 disk 48 comprises an integral hub t9, the outer Disposed on the shaft 24 between the drum 23 and the block 33 is a collar 10 upon which a. ring 1| is rotatably journalled, the ring 1| being' secured to a second ring 13 which spaces the ring 1| from the side frame 22. Rotatably mounted upon the ring 1| is a cam 15 which is preferably provided with an integral handle 16 whereby the cam may be adjusted angularly with respect to the axis of rotation of the drum 23.

Mounted to rotate with the gear 62 and disposed between the gear 62 and the side frame 22 are cams 18 and 19. 'I'he cam 18 controls a margin bar (not shown) against which the copy sheets are advanced when they are being fed to the duplicating drum. The cam 19 controls a pu'rnp (not shown) which forms part of the improved apparatus.

Disposed adjacent the outer side ofthe disk 41 is a disk 80 which is fixed to the cylinder wall 45 and makes a tight joint with the inner side of the wall. The disks 41 and 80 form a chamber 82V between them which communicates with the interior of the shaft 24 through apertures or ports 83 formed in the shaft. Graphite packing members 85 are preferably provided in recesses formed in the disks 41 and 80.

Extending longitudinally of the drum. 23 and formed in the cylindrical wall 45 thereof are a plurality'of bores 81. It will be noted that the bores 81 are closed at their right hand end (Fig. 4) and that they open into valve seats 90 formed in the outer face of the disk 41. Valves 92 mounted on valve stems 93 are adapted to seat upon the valve seats 90. The valve stems 93 have grooves 94 extending longitudinally thereof for purposes hereinafter described. The valve stems are slidably journalled in the bores 81, the left hand ends (Fig. 4) of the bores 81 being of enlarged diameter to accommodate the valve stems 93 and springs 95 which yieldingly tend to unseat the valves 92. 'I'he bores 81 communicate with the outer surface of the cylindrical Wall 45 through a plurality of smaller bores 91,

A plurality of bores 98 formed in the disk 80 may be aligned with the bores 81 in a manner hereinafter described and as shown in Fig. 4. Disposed in the bores 98 are plungers' 99 which are engageable with the outer ends of the Valve stems 93. Adjacent the outer side of the disk 80 is a disk having an arcuate member |0| projecting from its inner surface, the arcuate member |0| being engageable with the outer ends of plungers 99. The disk |00 is secured to a fabricated hub |02 which frictionally engages a hub |03 formed integral with the disk 80, the construction being such that the disk |00 may be displaced angularly around the hub |03 but when the drum 23 is rotating the disk 00 would rotate with it.

There are a plurality of bores 81 with their cooperating bores 91 extending partly around the drum. The arcuate member |0| may be brought into a position to engage the outer ends of any desired number of plungers 99. When the plunger 99 is engaged by the arcuate member 0 i it holds its corresponding valve 92 upon its seat 90 s'o that the corresponding bore 81 does not communicate with the chamber 82. Therefore, when a partial vacuum exists in the chamber 82, the bore or bores 81 closed by the corresponding valve or valves 92 will not have partial vacuums formed therein. However, the bores 81 having their corresponding valves 92 unseated will have partial vacuums therein and air will be-drawn inwardly through the corresponding bores 81 unless the outer ends of these bores are closed by the ,master sheet which is shown at |05 (Fig. 4). The .forward end of the master sheet is secured to the drum 23 by bending it and inserting/it into a slot |06 formed in the cylindrical wall 45. The forward end of the master sheet. |05 is then clamped in the slot by means of an eccentric |01 rotatably journalled in the cylindrical wa11`45. The master sheet is then trained over the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 45 and the arcuate member 0| is brought into a position wherein all of the bores 81 communicating with bores 91 over the outer ends of which the master sheet 05 has been trained will be open to the chamber 82,but the bores 81 communicating with bores 91 which do not have their outer ends covered by the master sheet will be closed bythe corresponding valves 92. Obviously, a partial vacuum may be developed in the bores 91 lwhich have their outer ends closed`by the master sheet 05 and atmospheric pressure will hold the master sheet |05 rmly against the cylindrical wall 45. This construction permits master sheets 05 of different lengths to be firmly held against the outer surface of the cylindrical wall 45.

A cam,| I0 is disposed between the disk |00 and the side frame member 2|, the cam 0 being xed to a hub which is secured rigidly to the shaft 24. The cam ||0 controls a platen or impression roller ||5 which is adapted to press copy sheets against the mastersheet |05 secured to the drum 23 (Fig. 16)

The platen or impression roller I l5 is mounted on a shaft ||6 rotatably journalled in bracket members ||8, one of the bracket members |I8 being provided with a hooked portion |20 engageable by a latch member 2|. The bracket members ||8 are pivoted by pins |23 to the side frames 2| and 22. The latch member |2| is pivoted upon a pin |24 secured in the frame 20. A link |26 has one end pivoted to the latch member |2| and has its other end secured to one end of-a diaphragm |21. 'Ihe interior of the diaphragm |21 communicates through a pipe |28 with a bore |30 formed in a valve casing |3|. 'Ihe valve casing is also provided with a port |32 which communicates through a pipe |33 with the T-coupling 31 (Fig. 1). Slidably journalled in a bore |35 formed in the valve casing |3| is a tubular valve member |36 which is closed at its lower end (Fig. 2). The upper end of the tubular member |36 communicates with a suction cup |40 which forms part of improved mechanism for feeding copy sheets toward the duplicating drum 23, the construction being such that when a partial vacuum obtains within the tubular valve member |36, air will be drawn inwardly through the suction cup |40 unless it is contacting a copy sheet. If the suction cup is then contacting a copy sheet, the copy sheet will be held firmly against the suction cup by atmospheric pressure. That part of the tubular valve member |36 which is disposed within the valve casing |3| is provided with two diametrically opposed slots |42 and 43. When the valve |36 is in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 2, the bore |30 communicates with the interior'of the valve member |36 through the slot |42 and the bore 32 communicates with the interior of the valve member 36 through the slot |43. When the valve |36 is displaced upwardly into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 17, the slots |42 and |43 are not aligned with the bores |30 and |32 respectively, but the slot |43 is aligned with a port |45 in the valve casing |3l. The port |45 communicates with the atmosphere.

The upper end of the valve member |36 is connected operatively to a lever which is oscillated to raise and lower the suction cup |40. It may be mentioned that while only one suction cup |40 is shown, it is the practice to employ a pluralityof them communicating with the interior Y trained over the sprocket (not shown) on the shaft |54 is trained over a sprocket (not shown) mounted on one end of a shaft |58 which carries' a driven feed roll |59, the feed roll V|59 being xedly engageable with a cooperating feed roll |60 mounted on a shaft |6|v (Figs. 16 to 16, inclusive).

Pivotally mounted on a rod |63 extending between the side frames 2| and 22 are levers |65 between which a bar |65 extends (Fig. 1). One of the levers |64 has an arm |61 engageable by a roller |68 mounted on the shaft |56. When the lever |50 is in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 1, the levers |66 and bar |65 gravitate into the position wherein they are shown in Fig. l so that the bar rests against a stack of copy sheets which are designated by the reference character |69. This -holds the copy sheets in place. However, when the lever |50 moves into the position-wherein it is shown in Fig. 17, the roller |68 willdepress the arm |61 and lift the bar |65 out of contact with the uppermost copy sheet |69. Obviously, when the lever |50 is in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 1'1 so that the roller |55 rests upon the uppermost copy sheet, the sheet will be advanced by the roller if it is assumed that the machine is in operation.

A pinion |10 xed to one end of the' shaft |58 meshes with the gear 62.`

It will be noted that the bracket ||8 shown in Figs. 1 and 16 to 18, inclusive, has a rotatably mounted roller |1| which rides upon the cam I|0. The bracket ||8 is urgedyieldingly inea counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 16) by a spring 12 so as to hold the roller |1| in engagement with the cam I0. It will be noted that the cam |10 is circular except for a relatively small projection |14 adapted to displace the roller |1| and the bracket ||8 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 16)

against the action of the spring |12.

' When the paper feeding apparatus is in the condition wherein it is illustrated in Fig. 16 with the suction cups |40 engaging the uppermost copy sheet |69, the slots |42 and |43 register with the ports |30 and |32 so that a partial vacuum obtains in the suction cups and in the diaphragm |21. Therefore, the uppermost copy sheet will adhere to the suction cups and the latch' member |2| will be held in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 16 so that it cannot engage the hook portion |20 of the bracket ||8. Then if the lever |50 is displaced in a clockwise direction toward the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 1'1, the valve member |36 will be displaced upwardly in the valve casing |3| so that the slots |42 and |43 will be brought out of registry with the ports and f fixed in the side frames 2| and 22.

|32. The Slot |43 win come into registry with the .port |45 and this, of course, will destroy the partial vacuum in the cups |40 so thatnthey willre- 'lease the uppermost copy sheet anii permit the roller |55 to advance it toward the bight of the rollers |59 and |60. The partial vacuum obtaining inthe diaphragm |21 will not be broken and therefore the latch member |2| will remain in position wherein it isshown in Figs, 16 and 17. However, if for any reason, there is no copy sheet adhering to the cups |40 when they are displaced upwardly, air will be drawn into the valve device |38 through the cups and no vacuum will exist in the diaphragm |21. The latch member 2| will then move into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 18 so that it engages the hook portion 20 of the lever ||8. lThe construction is such that the projection |14 dlsplaces the lever I8 and the platen roller` I5 downwardly during the period of time the-suction cups |40 are normally lifting the uppermost copy sheet. If no copy sheet is adhering to the cups |40', the latch member |2| engages the hook portion |20v and prevents the spring |12 from bringing the platen roller ||5 into engagement with the duplicating drum 23 so that the master sheet thereon will not-be engaged by the platen roller even after the projection |14 has passed beyond the roller |1l. This `construction assures that if no copy sheet is advanced to the duplicating drum at the proper time, the impression or platen roller |15 will notl contact and. smudge the master sheet.V

When the suction cups i60 lift the forward edge of a copy sheet the partial vacuum in the cups is destroyed when the slot |03 registers with the port |45 as best shown in Fig. 17. The copy sheet is then released and is advanced to the bight between the rollers |59 and |60 by the roller |55. The rollers |59 and |60then advance the copy sheet to the bight between the duplicating drum The improved duplicating machine is preferably driven by an electric motor shown at |80 (Fig. 1) having a pulley |8| on its shaft. The pulley- 10| is connected operatively to a pulley |82 by a belt |83. Constrained to rotate with the pulley |82 is a smaller pulley |34 which is connected operatively by a belt |85 to a pulley v|96 (Fig. 6). The pulley |86 is rotatably mounted on -a sleeve |81 which is mounted at one end of a tubular shaft |88, the shaft |60 having its ends A bushing |90 is provided in the web of the pulley |86 and projecting into the bushing |90 is a pin |9| carried by a disk |92 which is rigidly secured to a collar |93 rotatably journalled on bushings |94 and |35 mounted upon the 'shaft |68. The shaft |80 is provided with diametrically opposed slots |91 and projecting through the slots is a keymember |00, the outer ends of which ride in an annular groove 200 formed in the inner surface of the collar |93. Obviously, the collar |93 may rotate relative to the key member |99 but the key member |98 may be shifted longitudinally of the shaft |83 to displace the collar |93 in the same direction. When the collar |93 is displaced to the left (Fig. 6) by the key member |98, the pin |9| is displaced also to the left (Fig. 6) so that it will be engaged by a lug 202 projecting from a collar 203 journalled on the sleeve |81.' The collar 203 is secured rigidly to a pinion 205 which meshes with a gear 206. The gear 206 is pinned to the lefthand end (Fig. 4) of the tubular shaft 24.

A cam 2|| is secured to the gear 206 and ro-l tates therewith.

Obviously, the gear 206, the cam 2| the shaft 24, the gear 62, the duplicating drum 23 and the cams 18 and 19 will be rotated whenever the pin I0| is in a position wherein it will engage the lug 202 when the pin |9| is rotated bodily around the longitudinal axis of the shaft |88 by the pulley |86.

The key member |08l is secured rigidly to the lefthand end (Fig. 6) of a plunger 2I4 slidably journalled in the tubular shaft |88. A pin 2| 5 projects through the plunger 2 |4 and its ends ride in slots 2|6 formed in the tubular shaft |88. Disposed around the stationary shaft |88 and abutting against the outer ends of the pin 2| 5 is a washer 2|8. A spring 2|9 disposed around the shaft |88 and interposed between the washer 2|8 and the side frame member 22 yieldingly urges the washer 2|8 and the plunger 2|4 to the left (Fig. 6). Secured to the righthand lend (Fig. 6) of the plunger 2|4 is a short lever 220 having a pin 22| which rotatably journals a roller 222. The roller 222 is adapted to ride upon a cam member 223 secured to the-outer side of the cam 15. When the roller 222 is resting upon the highest part of the cam 223 as shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the plunger 2|4 is held in its retracted position so that the pin |9| cannot engage the lug 202. However, if the'cam 15 is displaced angularly so that the roller 222 leaves the cam member 223 as illustrated in Figs. 12 to 15, inclusive, the spring 2|9 displaces the plunger 2|4 to the left (Fig. 6) so that the pin |9| engages the lug 202 and causes thepinion 205 to drive the gear 206. The purpose of this construction will presently appear. l

Projecting from the cam 15 is a pin 225 engageable with a lever 226 forming part of a switch device 221 which controls the circuit of the motor |80. When the cam 15 is in` the position wherein it is shown in Fig. l0, the pin 225 holds the switch lever 226 in a position which holds the switch 221 open. However, if the cam 'I5 is displaced in a clockwise direction (Figs. 10 and 11), the pin 225 is disengaged from the lever 226 and permits a spring 228 to displace the lever 226 so as to close the switch 221, whereupon the electric motor |80 will be set in operation.

Returning now ,to the description of the copy sheet feeding mechanism, it wal be noted thatl a link 230 has one of its ends pivoted to the lever |50 and has the other of its ends pivoted to an arm 23| of a bell crank lever 232 which comprises a second arm 233. The bell crank lever 232 is pivoted on a pin 234 projecting from the frame 20. Means hereinafter described` is provided for oscillating the bell crank lever 232 so that will reciprocate the link 230 and the link, in turn, will oscillate the lever |50.

A link 231 has one of its ends pivoted to the lever |50 and has another of its ends pivoted to the free end oi a lever 238, the lever 238 being pivoted on a pin 239 projecting from the frame 20. Pivoted to the lever 238 intermediate its ends is a pawl 240 which is yieldingly urged into engagement with a ratchet 24| rotatably journalled on a pin 242 mounted in the frame 20. Constrained to rotate with the ratchet 24| and mounted on the pin 242 is a pinion 244 which meshes with a gear 245 and the gear 245 meshes with a gear 246. The gears 245 and 246 are mounted on shafts 241 and 248 respectively, which are mounted in the frame 20. Secured to the shafts 241 and 248 are levers 250 and 25|.respectively, which have pins 252 and 253 respectively,

riding in slots 255 and 256.respectively. The

slots 255 and 256 are formed in a. frame 258 which is slidably mounted in the frame so that it may be moved upwardly and downwardly. The frame 258 carries a table 260 upon which the copy sheets may be stacked as best shown in Fig. 1.

When the lever 238 is oscillated, the pawl will engage the teeth of the ratchet 24| and slowly rotate it ina counterclockwise direction (Fig. 1) so that the pinion 244 will drive the gear 245 andthe gear 245, in turn, will drive the gear 246. When the gears 245 and 246 are driven in this manner, the levers 250 and are displaced angularly in opposite directions and the pins 252 and 253 riding in the slots 255 and 256 will raise the frame 258 and the table 260 in a step by step manner so that the table 260 will be elevated to hold the uppermost copy sheet in a position wherein it may be engaged by the suction cups |40.

A holding pawl 262 prevents the ratchet 24| from rotating in a. clockwise direction (Fig. 1).

As best shown in Fig. 1, a spring 265 yieldingly urges the link 230 to the left (Fig. 1) so the a. roller 266 rotatably journalled on the free end of the arm 233 is urged yieldingly toward the cam 2|| shown in Fig. 4.

As best shown in Figs. 10 to 15, inclusive, the arm 23| has a plate 268 secured to it. Projecting from the plate 268 is a pin 269 engageable by a pawl 210 which is pivoted on a pin 21| mounted in the frame 20. Constrained to oscillate with the pawl 210 is a lever 213 which has a roller 214 rotatably journalled at its free end. The roller travels in a cam slot 215 formed in the cam 15.l It will be noted that the cam slot 215 comprises a dwell portion 216 which is concentric with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 24. The cam slot 215 comprises another portion 211 which is inclined inwardly toward the longitudinal axi: of the shaft 24. It will be readily understood that when the roller 214 and the cam 15 are in the relative positions wherein they are shown in Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, the pawl 210 will be held in the position wherein it is shown in the same figures and will engage the pin 269 to hold the bell crank lever 232 in the position wherein it is shown in Figs. 10 to 14, inclusive, against the action of the spring 265. However, when the cam 15 is brought into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 15, the roller` 214 passes into the portion 211 of the cam slot 215 and the pawl 210 is disengaged from the pin 269 so that the bell crank lever 232 will oscillate under the action of the cam 2|| and the spring 265, the construction being such that unless the latch member |2| is engaged with the hook portion |20, the platen roller |5 will be urged yieldingly toward the duplicating drum 23 to press a copy sheet against the master sheet thereon: This takes place once during each revolution of the drum 23. The platen roller ||5 is also .controlled by the cam 15 as hereinafter described.

Means is provided for applying water or suitable ink repellent to the master sheet during each cycle of operation and means is also provided for re-inking the data on the master sheet during each cycle of operation. A` master sheet |05 is shown in Fig. 19 and it will be noted that posed outermost on the duplicating drum and comes into contact with the copy sheets so that the data will be duplicated in positive onthe copy sheets. The master sheet is preferably formed from an aluminum sheet about .002 inch thick. The data shown at |05a on the master sheet |05 is written or typewritten upon the master sheet while the master sheet has a suitable carbon sheet against the back surface thereof, the carbon coating being in contact with the back surface of the master sheet. Of course, one writes or typewrites on the front surface of the master sheet and the data will appear in reverse upon the back surface thereof. It may be mentioned that carbon or transfer sheets of the type disclosed in the co-pending application Serial No. 188,706, filed February 4, 1938, by Johan Bjorksten and William J. Champion are preferably used in preparing the master sheets |05.

The means for applying water or other suitable ink repellent to the master sheet preferably comprises a roller 289mounted upon a shaft 28| which isrotatably journalled in the auxiliary frame 282 pivoted upon a shaft 283, the shaft 283 being mounted in the frame 20. The ink repellent is sprayed from a perforated tube 295 (Fig. l). the water or other ink repellent being delivered to the perforated tube. 285 by a pipe 286. The pipe 286 is connected to the outlet port of a pump 281 adapted to pump the liquid from a container (not shown) and deliver it to the pipe 285. The pump 281 is operated by means (not shown) controlled by the cam 19. The perforated tube 285 is rotatably journalled in the auxiliary frame 282 and may be brought into a position wherein it will spray the ink repellent directly upon the roller 280.- This is done when the apparatus is nrst set in operation to insure a quick delivery of repellent to the roller 288. However, after the machine is in operation the tube 285 is turned until it sprays the ink repellent upon a felt strip 285a mounted upon the upper end of a sheet metal bracket 2851) carried in the frame 282, the bracket 285D being formed with a trough 285e at its lower end. Of course, excess ink repellent will drain into the trough 285e. felt strip 2850. travels upwardly through the strip by capillary action and delivers the liquid to a roller 285d which, in turn, delivers the liquid to the roller 280. The roller 280 then applies the ink repellent to the master sheet as the duplicating drum rotates. It may be advisable in some instances to saturate the felt strip 285m with the ink repellent before the machine is set in operation.

Rotatably journalled on the shaft`28| is a roller 290 which rides upon the periphery of the cam 15, the roller 290 being yieldingly urged against the cam 15 by a spring 29|. When .they .cam 15 is in the positions wherein it is shown in Figs. 10, l1 and 12, the roller 290 rides upon a high dwell 293 of the cam 15 and holds the roller 280 in a position wherein it cannot con- The -zneans for re-inking the master sheet during each cycle of operation preferably comprises a roller 295 mounted on a .Shaft 296 which is Jour.-

The ink repellent delivered to the nalled in an auxiliary frame 291 pivoted upon. a shaft 298 which has its ends rotatably journalled in the frame 20. .A pinion 299 fixed to the shaft 298 meshes with the gear 206. The pinion 299 meshes with a train of pinions which are identined by the reference characters l300, 30|, 302 and 303, the pinion 303 being fixed to the sha-ft 296 so that the roller 295 is driven whenever the gear 205 is driven. The roller 295 issupplled with ink by a 4series of rollers 306, 301 and 308, the roller 306 being mounted on a frame (not shown) which, in turn, is mounted in the frame 291. The roller 306 oscillates between the roller 301 and a roller 3 I 0 which forms one side of a container 3| I which holds the supply of ink. Means (not shown) is provided for rotating the roller 308 in a step by step manner during its oscillations. Means is provided for displacing the fra-me 291 angularly in order to bring the roller 295 into and out of a position wherein it will re-ink the data on the master sheet. This means comprises a lever SI5 pivoted lon a pin 3|8 projecting from the frame 20. At its free end, the lever 3|5 is provided with a pin 818 which rides in a slot 320 formed in the frame 291 (Fig. 1). 4Constrained shaft 24. The 'cam slot 324 is also provided withl a. portion 325 inclined toward the longitudinal axis of the shaft 24. 'Ihe construction is suchal thatv when the roller 322 is riding in the arcuate dwell 325 (Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13) the frame 291 is held in a position wherein it holds the roller 295 in a position wherein it cannot contact the master sheet. However, when theroller 32? rides into the inclined portion 328 of the cam slot 322, the roller 295 is brought into a position wherein it will contact the master sheet during each cycle of operation as best shown in Figs. 14 and 15.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be noted that the cam 15 is not constrained to rotate with the duplicating drum 23. 'I'he cam 15 is adapted to be oscillated by the operator, the lever 18 being provided for this purpose. l

The platen roller H5 is also controlled by the cam 15 so that when the machine is not in operation, and during the initial application ofrink repellent and ink to the master sheet, the platen roller is spaced aiway from the duplicating drum 23 so that it cannot engage and smudge the master' sheet. For this purpose, the bracket H8 y shown in Figs. l0 to 15, inclusive, is provided with a roller H50, engageable with the periphery of the cam 15. It will be noted that in Figs.- l0, 11, 12, 13 and 14, the roller ||5a is riding upon a rela tively high dwell on the cam 15 so that the platen roller H5 is spaced away from the duplicating drum 23. Therefore, when the machine is idle as iliustrated in Fig. 10, when the clutch mechanism is being engaged as illustratedin Fig. 12, when the ink repellent is being applied to the master sheet as illustrated in Fig. 13 and when the master sheet is being inked as illustrated in Fig.

14, prior to the next step of setting the copy sheet feeding mechanism in operation as illustrated in Fig. 15, the platen roller H5 cannot come into.

contact with the master sheet to smudge it. However, when the cam 15 is moved into the position wherein it is .shown in Fig. 15 so that the copy sheet feeding mechanism is set in operation,

the roller l [5a leavesl the high dwell upon the cam 25- to move with the lever 315 and pivoted upon the 15,and the spring |12 urges the platen roller against the copy sheet. The platen roller remains in a position wherein it can engage each succeeding copy sheet unless the latch member |2| engages the hook portion |20 and holds the platen roller in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 18.

When the machine is idle, the cam 15 and the lever 16 are in the positions wherein they are illustrated in Fig. 10. When the operator wishes to set the machine in operation, the lever 16 (formed integral with the cam 15) is moved into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 11, whereupon the switch device 221 is closed so that the motor 80 is set in operation. The motor 39 is preferably set in operation through the same switch but, of course, may have a separate switch lf it is so desired. After the motor has been set in operation, the lever 15 is advanced into the 20 position wherein it is shown in Fig. 12 so that the roller 222 leaves the cam member 223 and permits the pin |9| to engage the lug 202, whereupon the duplicating drum 23 is rotated as the pinion 205 drives the gear 296 which, in turn, drives the shaft 24, the drum 23 and the pinion 299, causing rotation of the inking roller 295. It will be noted that in Figs. 10, 1l and 12, the roller 322 holds the auxiliary frame 291 in a position wherein the roller 295 cannot contact the master sheet as the drum 23 rotates. In the same figures, it will also be noted that the roller 214 holds the pawl 210 engaged .with the pin 269 so that the copy sheet feeding mechanism is held in a functionally inoperative condition. Likewise, in Figs. 10, 1l and l2, the roller 299 resting upon the dwell 293 of the cam 15 holds the roller 280 in its retracted position so that it cannot contact the master sheet on the drum 23. However, when the lever 16 was displaced from the position wherein it is shown in 40 Fig. 10 to the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 11, the motor |80 was set in operation and also the motor 39 in the preferred embodiment of thev invention. When the lever 16 was displaced from the position wherein it is shown in Fig. ll to the position wherein itis shownin Fig. 12, the clutch mechanism comprising the pin |9| and the lug 202 became functionally operative so that the duplicating drum 23 and the cams 18, 19, |I0 and 2|| were set in operation. The gear 62 is also driven and drives the pinion |10 and the feed roller |59. Therefore, when the lever 16 has been moved into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. l2, the duplicating drum is rotating and so also are the cams which operate the copy sheet feeding mechanism but the copy sheet feeding mechanism remains functionally inoperative and the ink repellent applying means and the re-inking means are also functionally inoperative.

Now if the lever 16 is displaced into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 13, the roller 290 leaves the dwell 293 and the spring 29| yieldingly urges the roller 280 into a position wherein the roller 280 applies the water or other ink repellent to the copy sheet each time the copy sheet passes beneath it. The operator may leave the lever 16 in the positionwherein it is shown in Fig. 13 as long as it is desired to insure that the master sheet will be thoroughly wet with the water or other ink repellent. The lever 16 is then advanced into the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 14 so that the roller 322 enters the' inclined portion 326 of the cam slot 324 and permits the inking roller 295 to rest upon the duplicating drum and to contact the master sheet each time the master sheet passes beneathy it. Of Course,

the water or other ink repellent does not adhere to the previously inked data on the master sheet but the ink from the roller 295 does so that each time the duplicating drum 23 makes a complete ,wherein it is shown in Fig. 14 as long as it is desired and is then advanced to the next or final position shown in Fig. l5. When the lever 16 is in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 15, the roller 214 has entered the inclined portion 211 of the cam slot 215 and has lifted the pawl 210 out of engagement with the pin 269 so that the bell crank lever 232 is oscillated by the action of the cam 2|| and the spring 265. The machine thus operates as follows: The rollers 280 and 295 remain in positions wherein they contact the master sheet throughout its entire length during each revolution of the duplicating drum 23. The bell crank lever 232makes a complete oscillation for each complete revolution of the duplicating drum 23 and therefore causes the suction cups |40 to be lowered into contact with the uppermost copy sheet |69 and elevated so that the forward edge of the copy sheet is lifted from the stack. When the suction cups |40 are lifted, the roller |55 is brought into contact with the uppermost copy sheet and advances it between the rollers until.

it engages the margin bar (not shown) whereupon the uppermost feed roller |59 frictionally engages the copy sheet and co-operates with the feed roller |60 to advance the copy sheet to the bight of the duplicating drum 23 and the platen roller I5. The platen roller I l5 presses the copy sheet against the master sheet as it advances the copy sheet and thereby causes the data on the master sheet to be duplicated in positive on the copy sheet. The duplicated copy sheets are discharged upon any suitable tray (not shown) or the like. As described above, as long as the uppermost copy sheet adheres to th-e suction cups |40 when they are lifted to raise the forward edge of the copy sheet, a partial vacuum obtains ln the diaphragm |21 and the latch member |2| remains in'its functionally inoperative position as illustrated in Fig. 16 so that the momentary depression of the platen roller |5 by the dwell |14 on the cam I0 does not result in latching of the platen roller in its functionally inoperative position. However, when the suction cups |40 have elevated the forward end of the uppermost copy sheet the' desired distance, the partial vacuum obtaining in the suction cups is destroyed and the forward edge of the copy sheet drops upon a guide plate 330 and a copy sheet is advanced by the roller |55. If it vso happens that the uppermost copy sheet is not lifted by the suction cups |40,

the partial vacuum obtaining in the suction cups will be destroyed and the diaphragm |21 will expand so that the latch member |2| will engage the hook portion |20 and hold the platen roller Y ||5 in its functionally inoperative position after the roller |1| has left the dwell |14. As pointed out above, this insures4 that the platen roller ||5 will not smudge the data on the master sheet and also insures that the data on the master sheet will not be offset on the platen roller.

As the machinev continues to feed -the copy sheets to the duplicating drum, it is, of course, obvious that the height of the stack will be lowered. Such lowering of the height of the stack is compensated by the step by step lifting of the table 260 as described above. After all of the copy sheets have been passed through the machine, the machine may be stopped and the table 260 lowered to receive a new stack of copy sheets.

Of course, as long as it is desired to-have the machine continue operation, the lever 16 is left in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. 15.

To facilitate the separation of the copy sheets, a pipe 335 is provided which has one end connected to the exhaust port of the pump 38 and has its other end disposed at 336 to blow air between the edges of the uppermost copy sheets. The pipe 335 may be of cross-sectional area and may receive only part of the air exhausted if it is so desired. In other Words, the strength of the current of air discharged at BSBby the pipe 335 may be determined. y

The master sheet is preferably formed from a thin exible aluminum sheet having a lsurface which has been sandblasted or otherwise treated so that when liquid is applied thereto, it will spread quickly over the surface and adhere thereto. In some instances, parchment paper may be used as the master sheet as parchment paper possesses the characteristic that water will spread quickly over its surface, However, the thin ilexible metallic sheet is preferred as the master sheet. It is understood, of course, that the data is printed in reverse upon that surface of the master sheet which has been sandblasted or otherwise treated for the purpose described above. The surface resulting upon the master sheet from Sandblasting or other mechanical means or by being treated with an etching fluid is sometimes called a grained surface. Of course, when the master sheet is to be re-inked during the duplicating operations, it is preferable to employ an oil body ink, the original data being made with an oil body having pigment therein or with an oily substance having little or no pigment therein.

While certain embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that it is capable of many modifications. Changes, therefore, in the construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed inthe appended claims in which it is the intention to claim all novelty inherent in the invention as broadly as possible in view of the prior art.

We claim:

1. Duplicating apparatus comprising a duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, a platen roller for pressing copy sheets against said master sheet, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to the bight between said duplicating drum and said platen roller, and means for holding said copy sheet feeding means and said platen roller functionally inoperative while said duplicating drum, said repellent appiying means and said re-inking means are in operation.

2. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for applying an ink repellent to said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, and a control member movable into one position to cause engagement of said clutch to drive said duplicat- 7 ing drum, movable into another position to cause said repellent applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating,

movable into another position to cause said ink applying'means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, and movable into another position to' cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative.

3. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have amaster sheet secured thereto,

` clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying an ink repellent to said master sheet, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, .and control mechanism including a manually movable control member, said control member movable into one position to adjust said )control mechanism to cause engagement of said clutch to drive said duplicating drum, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said repellent applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said ink applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, and movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative. Y

d. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying an ink, repellent to said master sheet, means for re-inkirig said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, and control mechanism including a manually movable control member, said control member movable into one position to adjust said control mechanism to cause engagement of said clutch to drive said duplicating drum, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause. said repellent applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said ink applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating and while said repellent applying means is functionally operative, and movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative while said duplicating drum is rotating and while said repellent applying means and said re-inking means are functionally operative. f

5. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable' duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying an ink repellent to` said master sheet, means for reinking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, control mechanism including a manually movable control mem- -just said control mechanism to cause said repellent applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said ink applying means to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating and while saidvrepellen't applying l means is functionally operative, and movable into another position` to adjust said control mechanism to cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative While said duplicating drum is rotating and while said repellent applying means and said re-inking means are functionally operative, a platen roller for pressing said copy sheets against said master sheet, and means controlled by said control mechanism for bringing said platen roller into and out of its functionally operative position.

6. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying an ink repellent to said master sheet, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, control mechanism including a manually movable control member, said control member movable into one position to adjust said control mechanism to cause engagement of said clutch to drive said duplicating drum, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said repellent applying mea'ns to become functionally operative while said drum is rotating, movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to cause said ink applying means to become functionally operative While said drum is rotating and while said repellent applying means is functionally operative, and movable into another position to adjust said control mechanism to -cause said copy sheet feeding means to become. functionally operative While said duplicating drum is rotating and while said repellent applying means and said re-inking means are functionally operative, a platen roller for pressing said copy sheets against said master sheet, and means for holding said platen roller in a functionally inoperative position when said copy sheet feeding means fails to deliver a copy sheet to saidv duplicating drum at the proper time.

7. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatab-le duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying an ink repellent to said master sheet, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, and control mechanism including a manually movable control member, said control member having cam means for controlling said clutch, having cam means for controlling saidwink repellent applying means, having cam means for controlling said re-inking means, and having cam means for controlling said copy sheet feeding means.

8. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means, a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto, clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum, means for applying `an ink repellent to said master sheet, means for re-inking said master sheet, means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum, and control mechanism including a manually movable pellent applying means, lhaving a third cam means for controlling said re-inking means, and having a fourth cam means for controlling said copysheet .feeding means, said control member .being movableinto one position to have the first mentioned cam means cause engagement of the clutch means to drive said duplicating drum, being-movable into a second position to have said second cam means cause said ink repellent applying means .to become functionally operative, being movable into a third position to have said third cam means cause said re-inking means to become functionally operative and movable into a fourth position to have said fourth cam means cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative.

9. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means; a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto; clutch means between said power driven means and said duplicating drum; means for applying a manually movable control member, said drum member having cam means forI controlling saidclutch, having a second cam means for controlling said ink repellent applying means, having a third cam means for controlling said re-inking means, having a fourth cam means for controlling said copy sheet feeding means and having a fth cam means for controlling said platen roller, said control member being` movable into one position to have the first-mentioned cam means cause engagement of the clutch means to drive said duplicating drum, being movable into a second position to have said second cam means cause said ink repellent applying means to become functionally operative, being movable into a third position to have said third cam means cause said re-inking means to become functionally operative and movable into a fourth position to have said fourth cam means and said fifth cam means cause said copy sheet feeding cause said platen roller to move into its functionally operative position.

10. Duplicating apparatus comprising power driven means; a rotatable duplicating drum adapted to have a master sheet secured thereto; clutch means'between said power driven means and said duplicating drum; means for applying an ink repellent to said master sheet means for re-inking said master sheet; means for feeding copy sheets to said duplicating drum; a platen roller for pressing the copy sheets against the master sheet; control mechanism including a manually movable control member, said drum member having cam means for controlling said clutch, having a second cam means for controlling said ink repellent applying means, having a third cam means for controlling said re-inking means, having, a fourth cam means for controlling said copy sheet feeding means and having a fifth cam means for controlling said platen roller, said control member beingvmovable into one position to have the first-mentioned cam means cause engagement of the clutch means to drive said duplicating drum, being movable into a second position to have said second cam means cause said ink repellent applying means tobecome functionally operative, being movable into a third position to have said third cam means cause said re-inking means to become functionally operative and movable into a fourth position to have said fourth cam means and said fifth cam means cause said copy sheet feeding means to become functionally operative and cause said platen roller to move into its functiorally operative position; and means for holding said platen roller in a functionally inoperative position when said copy sheet feeding means fails to deliver a copy sheet to said duplicating drum at the proper time.

11. In a duplicating apparatus, the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted thereon, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position for pressing a copy sheet against said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and said platen roller comprising a lever lswinging in timed relation to the operative movement of the parts,'

and latch means adapted by engagement with said lever to hold the sheet feeding means out of operation.

12. In a duplicating apparatus, the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted thereon, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position for pressing a copy sheet against said master sheet as -the drum rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and saidplaten roller comprising a lever swinging in timed relation to the operative movement of the parts, cam means connected with said drum for rotation therewith adapted by operative engagement with said lever to give it a swinging movement for operating said sheet feeding means, latch means adapted by engagement with said lever to hold the sheet feeding means out of operation, and manually movable cam means for holding said latch means out of operative engagement with said lever.

13. In a duplicating apparatus, the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted thereon, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position for pressing a copy sheet against said master sheet as the dium rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and said platen roller comprising a lever swinging in timed relation to the operative movement of the parts, cam means connected with said drum for rotation therewith adapted by operative engagement with said lever to give it a swinging movement for operating said sheet feeding means, latch means adapted by engagement with said lever to hold the sheet feeding means out of operation, and manually movable control means adapted by successive step by step movements to move said platen roller out of engagement with the drum and release said latch means so as to stop the feed of the copy sheets, and then to throw Out of operation successively said ink applying means, said ink repellent applying means and said drum driving means.

14. In a duplicating apparatus. the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted on said frame, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position and movable toward and from the drum for pressing copy sheets against said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means Afor applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and said platen roller, means adapted at a predetermined point in the rotation of the drum to move said platen roller temporarily out of operative position, and means rendered operative for preventing the return of said platen roller from its said inoperative position when said sheet feeding means upon an operation fails to forward a copy sheet to the drum.

15. In a duplicating apparatus, the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted on said frame, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on said drum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position and movable toward and from the drum for pressing copy sheets against said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liq- .uid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and said platen roller, means adapted at a predetermined point in the rotation of the drum to move said 4platen roller temporarily out of operative position, latch means adapted by operative engagement with said platen roller to prevent its return from said inoperative position, and means rendered operative for moving said latch means into operative engagement with said platen roller for preventing lits return from said inoperative position when said sheet feeding means upon an operation fails to forward a copy sheet to the drum.

16. In a duplicating apparatus, thecombination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted on said frame, means for driving said drum, means for securing a master sheet on saiddrum, a platen roller rotatably mounted in position and movable toward and from the drum for pressing copy: sheets against said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying an ink repellent liquid to said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for applying ink upon said master sheet as the drum rotates, means for feeding copy sheets to the bite of said drum and said platen roller, means adapted at a predetermined point 

